Study on deep circulation of the Japan Sea by direct measurement of deep water turbulence and chemical tracer

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Direct measurement of turbulence intensity to the bottom waterin the Japan Sea was carried out for the first time using Deep Water Microstructure Profiler (VMP5500), resulting in small values of turbulent energy dissipation rate about 3~5x10-11(W kg-1). This suggests that there is no intensified turbulence in thebottom layer. Using 1-dimensional model, the characteristics of the Japan Sea Bottom Water could be reproduced by terrestrial heat and intermittent supply of cold water originated by deep sinking.