Influences on atrophic skeletal muscle by physical exercise-studies on muscle oxygenation, velocity of pulse wave and growth hormone

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Study1. Effects of Resistance exercise on Intramuscular oxygenation and Muscle Fiber composition. This results suggest that resistance training increases the amount of oxygen consumption because the cross sectional area of Type II a fiber is larger. Sutudy2. Influences on oxidative stress anti-arteriosclerosis factors to atrophic skeletal muscle by long physical exercise. Long (15months) physical exercise by aged persons demonstrates increase of the physical fitness, anti-arteriosclerosis factors and decrease of oxidative stress (d-ROMs). Study3. Influences on skeletal muscle oxygenation by muscle resistance exercise and aerobic exercise in aged persons. Squat exercise and walking exercise for four months carried out to two groups in the elderly. Resistance exercise improved in muscle oxygenation than aerobic walking exercise. Study4. The Effects of Long-term Exercise on Cerebral Function and the Maintenance of Concentration in the Elderly