Research on the Civil Society in Japan Emerging from Disasters

本研究的目的是明确灾情将发展民间和居民的参与，并催生日本民间社会的萌芽。本研究在大阪的中部、东北和上町灾区进行了行动研究。首先，志愿者对幸存者的行动方式会影响到幸存者对灾难重建和振兴的态度。第二，在长期的振兴中，居民的参与度下降，因此做好居民之间的伙伴关系，创造集体认同是非常重要的。第三，在缓解中，专业人员的作用是重要的。

The purpose of this research is to make it clear that the disaster will develop the participation of the civil and residents and create the germ of the civil society in Japan.The action researches were done at the disaster areas in Chuetsu, Tohoku and Uemachi-daichi in Osaka.As results from this research, three points were made clear. First, the way of the action of the volunteers to the survivors would effect on the way of the attitudes of the survivors to the reconstruction and revitalization on the disaster. Second, in the long-term revitalization, the participation of the residents was declined, so it is very important for doing the partnership among the residents to creating the collective identity. Third, in the mitigation, the role of the professionals are important.