Formation and Observational Properties of Black Hole Winds

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We have examined the formation and observational properties of a black hole wind, which is a relativistic outflow ejected from a black hole or black-hole accretion disks. We found and distincted an apparent photosphere, which is the last scattering surface of photons, and a thermalization surface, where the photons are created and scattered off up to the apparent photosphere. We further obtained the expected spectra of a black hole wind for gran and non-gray cases.Relating to the black hole wind, we also examined the relativistic radiative transfer problem in gaseous strati floating of moving around a luminous black-hole accretion disks. We firstly found the formal solutions for the relativistic radiative transfer problem for the plane-parallel flow.Finally, we also studied the radiatively driven winds and jets. Especially, we obtained a new insight to the magic speed for a translucent stratus.