Study of introduction of asymmetry artificial pinning centers and improvement of superconducting characteristics for realization of superconducting rectifying device

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When the current flow through a superconductor, the Lorentz forces will act on the vortices and make them move. The pinning centers are irregularly introduced into the superconductor, resulting in a symmetric pinning potential, which is not anisotropic according to the direction of the Lorentz force. If it is able to generate asymmetry in the pinning potential, it becomes possible to produce a superconductor with an anisotropic critical current density according to the flow direction of the current. Therefore the realizations of new rectifying superconducting devices are expected. In order to investigate the critical current properties for the superconducting device using asymmetric artificial pinning centers, triangle-shaped patterns were introduced as APCs in a 0.5-μm-thick Nb film by using a lithographic technique.