Clarification of High-Efficiency, Deep-Penetration Welding Mechanism with High-Brightness Laser under Partial, Low-Vacuum Atmosphere

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Deep penetration is an important advantage in laser welding. This study was undertaken in order to clarify high-efficiency, deep-penetration welding mechanism including weldability, optical characteristics of laser-induced plume and keyhole behaviors in molten pool with brightness laser under partial, low-vacuum atmosphere. The penetration depths were over 2.5 times as deep as those obtained at 101 kPa. Refraction of incident laser caused by laser-induced plume was drastically reduced corresponding to surrounding pressure of 101 to 0.1 kPa. X-ray high-speed observation revealed that keyhole is unstable but porosity is not formed.