The source of acetylcholine acting to the renal tubules.

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To clarify the source of acetylcholine (ACh) which acts to the kidney, parasympathetic innervations and non-neuronal expression of choline acetyl transferase (ChAT) were examined in the rat kidney by using a neuronal tracing method and histochemical methods, respectively. Retrograde neuronal tracer Fluoro-gold was treated to the renal nerve ends by a micro-capsule, resulting that there were no positive cells in any parasympathetic nuclei in the medulla oblongata and spinal cords. On the other hand, ACh-synthesizing enzyme ChAT was localized to the renal cortical collecting ducts with uneven distributions in the tubules. These results suggest that the non-neuronal ACh may be predominant over the neuronal ACh in the rat kidney.