Investigation of the regulatory mechanisms of cellular energy metabolism by snail

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Snail expression decreases oxidative phosphorylation and increases glucose dependency in MDCK cells. MDCK/Snail cells exhibited reduced activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), which controls pyruvate entry into the TCA cycle, and increased promoter activity and expression of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 (PDK1), which inhibits PDH. In addition, the activities of TCA cycle enzymes were decreased in MDCK/snail cells. Consequently, MDCK/snail cells exhibited lower O2 consumption and ATP levels than MDCK/neo cells. MDCK/snail cells also showed reduced expression of enzymes essential for glutaminolysis and fatty acid synthesis.