Novel pathological parameters in regional lymph nodes of urothelial carcinoma focused on "Seed and Soil" theory

点击翻译按钮获取中文摘要

Study 1 : Fifty-one patients treated by nephroureterectomy were included. All had lymph nodes(LNs) and all LNs were negative on hematoxylin and eosin staining. We re-evaluated the presence of micrometastasis in LNs specimens by anti-cytokeratin immunohistochemistory. Immunohistochemistry identified micrometastases in 7(14%) of 51 patients. Study 2 : We prospectively evaluated the presence of micrometastasis in LNs in patients undergoing radical cystectomy or nephroureterectomy. Micrometastasis was detected in 9%(2/22) of patients undergoing radical cystectomy. Study 3 : We evaluated the association between the expression of VEGFC mRNA, VEGFD mRNA, or VEGF3R mRNA and pathological characteristic in primary tumors. We subsequently evaluated the lymph vascular density(LVD) in marginal zone of regional lymph nodes. The expression of VEGFC mRNA was higher in> pT2 disease than<pT1 disease. LVD was higher in patients with node metastasis than patients without it. In addition, the accumulation of lymphatic vessels was observed in half of the cases without node metastases.