Chromatin structure and nuclear territories of the intergenic region between inactivated and escape genes on human inactive X chromosome.

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In this study, I clarified the structure and mechanism of chromatin boundary between the inactivated KLHL15 and an escape gene, EIF2S3 by using human-mouse hybrid cells carrying either active or inactive human X chromosome in mouse background. Main findings are as follows;1) Three matrix attachment regions (MAR) located between KLHL15 and EIF2S3 in the inactive X-chromosome have been exclusively associated to nuclear matrix.2) Acetylation of histone H3K9 and methylation of histone H3K4 have been enriched at the escape gene, EIF2S3, and their flanking region. Tri-methylation of histone H3K27 and H3K9, on the other hand, have been enriched at the inactivated, KLHL15. These modifications were separated at MAR.3) Knockdown of SATB1, which is the member of MAR associated protein complex, led to the disruption of MAR and nuclear matrix pairing and histone modification.