Roles of cysteine proteinase genes in wilting of balloon flower petals

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Involvement of four different genes encoding cysteine proteinase in the rapid wilting of balloon flower (Platycodon grandiflorus) petals was investigated. Expression of PgCP1 was up-regulated just after the flower opening stage and the expression remained until the onset of wilting. On the other hand, PgCP3, PgCP4 and PgCP5, which were newly identified from petals at the stage just before wilting, were markedly up-regulated from the stage just before wilting and the wilting stage. The promoter analysis indicated the possibility that the regulation via ethylene-responsive regulatory element (ERE) is involved in the expression of PgCP1, PgCP4 and PgCP5 in the petals whereas other unknown factors might be involved in regulation of PgCP3.