Ancient marine environments estimated from semi-in-situ observation of microbial mat

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Microbial mats in hydrothermal environments provide a key tounderstand the signatures from microbial processes recorded in Archean-Proterozoicsediments. For the mats on the calcium carbonate travertines, this study investigatedmicrobial effects to the sedimentary textures through the physicochemical change at thewater-sediment interface. The results from Nagayu hot-spring(Ohita Prefecture), Anrakuhot-spring(Kagoshima Prefecture), and Pancuran Pitu(Indonesia) indicate that thelaminated textures are daily owning to the cyanobacterial metabolic cycle. Similarinvestigation was also performed for tufa deposits in the ambient temperature setting.