Creation of artificial one-dimensionalπ-electron systems and perfect control of their electronic structures

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One-dimensional structures of carbon have been fabricated by self-organization of dosed hydrocarbon molecules on vicinal surfaces of single crystals, where parallel straight steps are arranged periodically, after the annealing process causing dehydrogenation. We succeeded in controlling their structures by changing species or quantities of molecules to supply, substrate materials and their facets, and the annealing temperature and its gradient. Pt(997), Ni(755), and 1.5°off surfaces of Si(111) and Si(100) are used for the substrates, and graphen nano-ribbons with zigzag or armchair edges and other one-dimensional structures are formed by dosing benzene or propylene molecules. Now, we examine their electronic structures.