Bistatic Synthetic Aperture Radar using GNSS Signals for Ocean Remote Sensing

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A bistatic synthetic aperture radar (SAR) system using reflected and scattered GPS signals off the Earth’s surface has been developed. Unlike most active SAR systems, this newly developed sensor utilizes passive signals transmitted from the GPS satellites. This reduces the size and power consumption of the system. In the image formulation, the range migration curve between the GPS satellites and scattered point is modeled as a linear function. This effectively eliminates the contribution of the GNSS satellite motions in the SAR imaging process and enables spaceborne applications.