Development of synthetic methods and functions of disubstituted hybrid calixarenes

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Development of the synthetic methods and functions of disubstituted hybrid calix[4]arenes, in which two hydroxy groups of conventional calix[4]arene are replaced with coordinative functional groups, have been examined. The optimization of Ullmann-type amination, introduction of phosphinoyl, phosphono, and iodo group at 25- and 27 positions and the conversion of iodo groups to carboxy groups were achieved. Furthermore, the elucidation of unique coordination manner of diphosphine derivative toward metal ions and the selective extraction of rare-earth metal ions by diphosphonic acid were achieved.