Validation and establishment of new technology for streamflow measurement using acoustic tomography

获取河流流量的连续测量数据是水资源管理的一个高度优先事项，河流流量的实时知识是一种环境，社会和经济资产。因此，建立一种定量流量的方法和/或技术是至关重要的。河流声学层析成像系统（FATS）：一种最先进的声学系统。利用FATS对感潮河口和砾石河床的流速进行了连续测量。FATS配备了一对宽带传感器与水平全向和垂直半球形的波束模式，可以用来估计流量从多个射线路径，覆盖的横截面的stream.The目前的研究强烈表明，FATS是一个可靠的和准确的技术，长期测量河流流量，即使在浅，宽的河流或潮汐河口盐度入侵。

The acquisition of continuous measurements of river discharge is a high-priority issue for water resource management, and the real-time knowledge of river discharge is an environmental, social, and economic asset. Therefore, establishing a method and/or technology for quantifying discharge is of paramount importance.Fluvial Acoustic Tomography System (FATS): a state-of-the-art acoustic system was developed. Continuous measurements of the flow rate were conducted in an tidal estuary and an gravel-bed river using FATS. FATS equipped with a couple of broadband transducers with horizontally omnidirectional and vertically hemispherical beam patterns can be used to estimate the flow rate from multiple ray paths that cover the cross-section of a stream.The present study strongly suggest that FATS is a reliable and accurate technique for the long-term measurement of river discharge, even in shallow, wide rivers or tidal estuaries with salinity intrusions.