Comprehensive life history studies of plants based on population ecology and reproductive ecology

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To assess the persistence of different plant populations, it is essential to understand integrated aspects of demography, reproductive biology and genetics, that is life history features. In the present study, based on the long-term monitoring data of various herbacious plants, we conducted further monitoring and sevaral pollination experiments in the fields. In addtion to the field studies, we also made simulation models of the population dynamics, preferably including information on levels of environmental stochasticity. Finally, to understand real features of plant life history, we emphasize the importance of comprehensive data based on demograhic, reproductive, genetic and mathematical biologies.