Fundamental study on the extraction of uniform nanofibers from plant-biomass

对从木浆中提取纤维素纳米纤维的工艺进行了研究，找出了粉碎机、高压均质机、磨头机和双螺杆挤出机等纤维化设备的优缺点。用该设备对漂白后的硫酸盐浆（软木）进行不同时间的处理。纤维化浆的FE-SEM图像随设备的不同和通过次数的不同而不同。阐明了各设备结晶度的下降程度、纤维素分子量的变化以及热热耐久性随转数的增加而变化。对纤维化纸浆制备的薄片拉伸性能进行了比较。在此基础上，我们通过化学纯化（去除非纤维素成分）和高速搅拌器预处理（分解纤维结构），并结合高压均质，成功地将干燥的棉纤维原纤化成单个纤维素纳米纤维。

The process to extract cellulose nanofibers from wood pulp was studied to find out advantage and disadvantage of fibrillation equipment such as grinder, high-pressure homogenizer, bead mill and twin screw extruder. The refiner treated bleached kraft pulp (soft wood) was treated at various times with the equipment. FE-SEM images of fibrillated pulp differed with the equipment and the number of passes. The degree of decrease in crystallinity, changes in molecular weight of cellulose and thermal durability evaluated by TGA with the increase of the number of passes were clarified for each equipment. The tensile properties of the sheet prepared from the fibrillated pulp were compared. On the basis of the results, we succeeded to fibrillate the raw dried cotton fibers into individual cellulose naofibers by chemical purification (removal of non-cellulosic components) and a pretreatment by a high-speed blender (breaking down of fiber structures), combined with high-pressure homogenization.