Development of rumen microbial profiling to identify low methane-producing cattle

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Toward the development of rumen microbial profiling to identify low methane-producing cattle, rumen bacteria and archaea showing specific changes with methane-inhibiting cashew nut shcll liquid were explored. The abundance of methanogenic archaeal mOTU35 was found to positively correlated to methane production of Holstein dry cows, Thai naitive cattle and swamp buffaloes. Meanwhile, the abundance of eubacterial OTU95 showed negative correlation with methane production and positive correlation with propionate production only in dry cows. These results suggest that both microbial groups, especially mOTU35, is a core member controling methane production in the rumen. Therefore, the monitoring of mOTU35 could offer an index for estimating methane production of individual cattle.