Problems in Indonesian Community-Based Forest Management (CBFM) Policies: Examination of Village Forest (HD) Programs in the Provinces of Jambi and East Kalimantan

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In this research, I have examined whether the Community-Based Forestry Management (CBFM) policies of Indonesian government would strengthen local populations' rights over land and natural resources, and if not, what the problems are. Indonesian government has incorporated the approaches of CBFM in its forestry policies in the purpose of enabling local communities to have better access to local land and forestry resources and therefore contribute to alleviation of local poverty. From the examination of the provinces of Jambi and East Kalimantan, I have identified that CBFM programs, being represented by Village Forest scheme, would not lead to the fundamental solution to the problems of weak land rights of customary landowners. The CBFM programs, which assume local land rights as collective, would not correctly reflect the reality of local landownership system. THe investigation underlines the need of legal reform in the way that individual informal land occupiers are recognized.