Metabolic conversion of dietary xanthophylls and their actions on oxidative stress induced by light irradiation

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Oxidative metabolism of dietary xanthophylls was elucidated by analyzing the metabolic activity of mouse liver. The 3-hydroxy beta-end group of xanthophylls was converted to 3-oxo epsilon-end group, via an intermediate having 3-oxo beta-end group, which was produced by dehydrogenation dependent on a coenzyme NAD. This metabolic reaction might be involved in eliminating xanthophylls from the tissues, because of the intermediate was extremely unstable. Stability of carotenoids accumulated in cultured cells exposed to blue-light irradiation was found to be quite different among carotenoids with diverse structures.