Exosomal microRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers in metastatic gastric cancer

外泌体是由细胞分泌的小泡，其通过一种双向胞吐和胞吞样途径运输其嵌入的分子。外泌体分子（如蛋白质和RNA）的表达模式可以指示细胞类型，因为它们的特征被认为在细胞中是独特的。使用人类癌细胞系，我们使用微阵列和质谱法进行了外泌体microRNA和蛋白质的分析。结果，在分别来源于硬癌型胃癌和转移性胰腺癌细胞的外泌体中发现了特异性microRNA谱。此外，比较蛋白质组分析鉴定了具有转移标志物潜力的外泌体蛋白，例如十二指肠癌的多聚腺苷酸结合蛋白1（PABP 1）和胰腺癌的表皮生长因子受体途径底物（Eps8）。

Exosomes are small vesicles secreted from cells that transport their embedded molecules by a kind of bidirectional exocytosis- and endocytosis-like pathways. Expression patterns of exosomal molecules such as proteins and RNAs can be indicative of cell type since their signature is thought to be unique among cells.Using human cancer cell lines, we have conducted profiling of exosomal microRNAs and proteins using microarray and mass spectrometry. As a result, specific microRNA profiles were found in exosomes derived from scirrhous type gastric and metastatic pancreatic cancer cells, respectively. In addition, a comparative proteome analysis identified exosomal proteins with metastatic marker potential such as polyadenylate binding protein 1 (PABP1) for duodenal cancer and epidermal growth factor receptor pathway substrate (Eps8) for pancreatic cancer.