New treatment strategy with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells for obstructive nephropathy

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The effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) therapy on chronic obstruction-induced renal fibrosis has not previously been evaluated. Rats with left ureteral obstruction underwent injection of fluorescent-labeled human and rat bone marrow-derived MSCs. From 3 days to 4 weeks later, the kidneys were harvested and the renal cortex analyzed for evidence of stem cell infiltration, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), renal fibrosis, and cytokine and growth factor activity.MSCs were detected in the interstitium of the kidney more than 4 weeks post-obstruction. MSCs provided protection against obstruction-induced EMT and chronic renal fibrosis. While the mechanism of MSCs-induced renal protection during obstruction remains unclear, exogenous MSCs reduced obstruction-induced TNF-alpha levels, but did not alter TGF-beta1, VEGF, IL-10, FGF, HGF expression.