Identification of genetic factors that define behavioral differences, and study on their ecological significance for social formation

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Intraspecific variety of behavioral properties is affected by not only postnatal environments, but also genetic factors. Little attention, however, has been paid on the genetic basis underlying intra-species behavioral difference. Medaka (Oryzias latipes) has high intraspecific genetic variety. We have searched for genetic loci related to behavioral traits, as there are some behavioral differences among medaka strains. Here we presented visual stimuli to two inbred strains, HNI-II and HdrR-II, and compared their responses. As a result, HNI-II showed higher response rate and lower adaptation than HdrR-II. Next, we performed quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis with F2 individuals between HNI-II and HdrR-II. The result suggested the presence of “un-adaptivity” related loci onchromosome 16.