Dynamics of thalamocortical axon growth and branching in the developing visual cortex

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Neural circuits in the developing brain are remodeled by sensory-evoked and spontaneous firing activity, but the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. In the present study, we attempted to reveal the cellular mechanism, by performing live imaging of thalamocortical axons in vivo and in vitro. As a result, thalamocortical axon arbors were observed in a three-dimensional fashion in the developing rodent brain. In vitro studies further demonstrated that neuronal activity in the early and late postnatal developmental stages gives a different influence on thalamic axon branching.