The efficacy of the low frequency electrical acupuncture to the disuse muscle atrophy

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To clarify the mechanism of preventing skeletal muscle atrophy, we adopted the skeletal muscle atrophy models with the hind limb suspension or the novel spiral wire immobilization. By acupuncture interventions, we found that acupuncture treatments improved the expression levels of target genes such as Atrogin-1 and MuRF1 of E3 ubiquitin ligases. Furthermore, cDNA microarray analysis clarified new candidate genes involved in acupuncture treatment to prevent skeletal muscle atrophy, including CCL21 and matrix metal proteinases.