Control of graphene properties based on atomic structure design on substrate surfaces

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We investigated structure of the interfacial water layers between graphene sheets and a sapphire substrate by observing them through graphene sheets at room temperature. When graphene sheets were deposited at a low relative humidity, the interfacial water layers appeared as small islands. This study shows that the electrical properties of graphene sheets are tunable by controlling the hydrophilicity of substrate surfaces. For bandgap opening, we attached monolayer graphene sheets grown by chemical vapor deposition to porous alumina membranes with ordered hexagonal pores. We confirmed that strains are introduced into the graphene sheets. Porous alumina membranes are useful for strain engineering of graphene sheets.