权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Diversification of reproductive behavior and evolution of seminal plasma protein in Tangnyikan cichlids

唐尼坎丽鱼繁殖行为的多样化及精浆蛋白的进化

基本信息

批准号：
23770270
负责人：
MORITA Masaya
金额：
$ 3万
依托单位：
University of the Ryukyus
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B)
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2011 至 2012
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Cichlids in Lake Tanganyika are endemic and show diversified reproductive behavior. Seminal plasma protein 120 (SPP120) is predicted to immobilize and aggregate sperm. Cichlids show unique spawning behavior, “oral fertilization” . Sequence of oral fertilization behavior is as follows; 1) male sends sperm to female mouth, 2) female spawns eggs and picks up to female mouth, 3) fertilization occurs. SPP120 may facilitate to send sperm to female mouth, and immobilize until spawning eggs. On the other hand, many cichlids in Lake Tanganyika do not show oral fertilization. In these species, quick sperm motility activation and diffusion of semen contribute fertilization success. Thus, SPP120 may not contribute fertilization success in these “non-oral fertilization species”. In other words, molecular evolution of SPP120 is related to diversification of spawning behavior, but relationship is still not obscure. In this project, I focused on following topics; 1) description of spawning behavior by underwater observation, 2) molecular analyses of SPP120 by cDNA cloning and test of rete of molecular evolution (ω: rate of non-synonymous mutation/synonymous mutation). In underwater observation, cichlids that build spawning site by sand called “bower” did not send their sperm directly to female mouth but release sperm to the bower. Female spawned eggs at the bower, and fertilization is supposed to occur by pre-released sperm. In the bower-builders, semen should diffuse thus functional modification of SPP120 is predicted to be favored. To support this prediction, the rates of molecular evolution (ω) in several bower-builders are accelerated in these species. These results suggested that diversification of spawning behavior affect molecular evolution of SPP120.

坦噶尼喀湖的慈鲷是当地特有的，并表现出多样化的生殖行为。精浆蛋白120（SPP 120）被预测为聚集和聚集精子。慈鲷有独特的产卵行为，即“口受精”。经口受精行为的顺序为：1）雄虫将精子送到雌虫口，2）雌虫产卵并将卵拾起到雌虫口，3）受精发生。SPP 120可能有助于将精子送到雌性口中，并持续到产卵。另一方面，坦噶尼喀湖的许多慈鲷并不显示口服受精。在这些物种中，精子活力的快速激活和精液的扩散有助于受精成功。因此，SPP 120可能不会在这些“非口受精物种”中促成受精成功。换句话说，SPP 120的分子进化与产卵行为的多样化有关，但关系仍然不是模糊的。本课题主要研究了以下几个方面的内容：1）利用水下观察技术描述产卵行为; 2）利用cDNA克隆技术对SPP 120进行分子分析，并对SPP 120的分子进化速率（ω：非同义突变率/同义突变率）进行检测。在水下观察中，慈鲷在被称为“凉亭”的沙子上建造产卵场所，并不直接将精子送到雌性口中，而是将精子释放到凉亭。雌性在凉亭产卵，受精应该是通过预先释放的精子进行的。在建陶者中，精液应该扩散，因此预计SPP 120的功能修饰是有利的。为了支持这一预测，在这些物种中，几种建园植物的分子进化速率（ω）加快了。这些结果表明，产卵行为的多样性影响SPP 120的分子进化。