Comprehensive analysis of cell wall degrading enzymesand genes involving in loosening of cell wall of Zizania latifolia

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Infection of Ustilago esculentato Zizania latifoliacauses aberrant hypertrophy of flowering stems. This phenomenon is thought to attribute to loosening of plant cell wall by partial degradation of the wall. Draft genome sequences of Z. latifoliaand U. esculentawere analyzed and then comprehensive analysis of gene expression in flowering stems of the infected host during hypertrophy of the stems was carried out. Many genes encoding cell wall degrading enzymes of U. esculentashowed higher expression level than those of cytosolic glycosyl hydrolases. β-Glucosidase and β-glucanase, which were successful in heterologous production among them, were β-1,3-glucan degrading enzymes according toenzymatic characterization.