Immunoregulatory roles of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in multiple sclerosis

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We investigated the possible therapeutic effect of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), one of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, for multiple sclerosis (MS) by applying experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), as a model for MS. The clinical scores and the numbers of CNS-infiltrating cells in the EPA-fed mice were significantly lower than those of the non-EPA mice. Additionally, IFN-γ and IL-17 productions were remarkably inhibited and the expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors were significantly enhanced in the CNS-infiltrating CD4T cells. Thus ultra-purified EPAshows promise as a potential new therapeutic agent against MS.