Study on mood disorder pathogenesis using a novel animal model of bipolar disorders expressing protein of human herpesvirus.

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Small protein encoded by the Intermediate stage Transcript of Human herpesvirus (HHV-)6 (SITH) -1, a latent transcript of HHV-6, causes depressive-like behavior by being expressed in mouse astrocytes. Inflammatory cytokine mRNA levels did not change in the brains of mice. On the other hand, inflammatory cytokine mRNA blood levels and depressive symptom severity were correlated with mood disorders in human patients. Gene expression in peripheral blood and the central nervous system (CNS) do not necessarily coincide. Systemic inflammation affects the CNS and induction of SITH-1 may cause depressive symptoms.