Interaction between atmospheric-pressure non-equilibrium plasma and solution studied by optical diagnostics and computer simulations

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Interfacial phenomena to understand interaction between atmospheric-pressure non-equilibrium plasma and solution was studied.Effects of an externally applied electric field on the water structure at an interface were studied using sum-frequency generation spectroscopy. Electric field, generally applied for atmospheric-pressure plasma generation, should be studied to understand the interfacial phenomena. The interface was calcium fluoride - solution (pH 3.8) interface. Water molecules that have an ice-like structure are strongly affected by an applied electric field. The required electric field is extremely low compared to that expected by the zeta potential. The results suggest that the structure of water molecules can be controlled with relatively weak electric field.Furthermore, we performed particle simulations to understand energy fluxes delivered to the solution (cathode) from plasma. The results show that energy flux by neutrals can be higher than that delivered by ions.