Developing intercultural competence of primary school children

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As the outcome of this three-year study, we were able to develop a valid scale to measure ICC of primary school children. Our initial plan was to create a self-report questionnaire by children themselves. However, after through literature reviews on children's cognitive ability, focus-group interviews with and surveys to primary school teachers, and pilot testings, we faced the following issues; 1. age-appropriate designs for children from 6-12 years old can be highly challenging (there need to be multiple forms of the questionnaire for each age group), 2. self-report by lower grade students may lack reliability and validity. To solve these issues, we shifted from self-report questionnaire to teachers-observational scale.