Redefinition of the Role of School District in New Deployment of Decentralizational Educational Reform in United States

本研究旨在重新界定学区在美国教育分权改革新部署中的角色。着重对“系统改革观”和“有效学区理论”进行了理论分析。具体有以下三个方面的观点：（1）连贯的改革理念的提出和共同归属。(2)改革措施衔接和改革方面相互全面. (3)自下而上的改革与自上而下的改革并存。阐明了要充分发挥学校自主改进的支持组织作用。本研究针对系统改革概念的特性，以及学区作为支援学校的角色与功能，提出几点启示。

The purpose of this study is to redefine the role of school district in new deployment of decentralizational educational reform in United States. Focusing on the theoretical analyzing of “systemic reform concept” and “theory of the effective school district”. Especially, three of view point as follow; (1) The presentation and joint ownership of the coherent reform idea. (2) Linkage of reform measure and reform aspect each other comprehensive. (3) Coexistence of reform of the bottom-up and the reform of the top-down. It was elucidated that it was necessary for the role as the support organization of the autonomous improvement of the school to be made much of. It was developed some implications, about the characteristic of the systemic reform concept and about the role and function of the school district as supporting schools.