Construction of an in situ electrochemical XPS apparatus

利用超薄薄膜环境电池，作为真空与溶液之间的隔膜、x射线与光电子的窗口和电极，构建了原位电化学x射线光电子能谱（XPS）装置，实现了在电位控制下的固/液界面上进行XPS。实验证明了该方法在膜/水界面的电位诱导氧化生长和电解质溶液中金属在膜上的电化学沉积。

In situ electrochemical X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) apparatus, which allows XPS at solid/liquid interface under potential control, was constructed utilizing an environment-cell with an ultra-thin membrane, which serves as a separator between vacuum and a solution, window for X-ray and photoelectron, and electrode. Its operation was demonstrated for potential induced oxide growth at the membrane/water interface and electrochemical deposition of metal on the membrane from the electrolyte solution.