Geobiology of modern and ancient endolithic microorganisms within ultramafic rocks on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge

大西洋中脊超镁铁质岩石内现代和古代内石微生物的地球生物学

• 批准号: 5416396
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Joachim Reitner
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Leibniz-Institut für Ostseeforschung Warnemünde (IOW)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2003-12-31 至 2007-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/5416396?language=en
• 关键词: Geobiology; modern; ancient; endolithic; microorganisms

The major goal of the proposed project is the geobiological description of active and fossil deep endolithic organisms, their organic remains and mineral precipitates within pore space of basaltic and other ultramafic rocks from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (between 14°45´N and 15°15´N) which will be recovered during cruise M60/3 of R/V Meteor in early 2004. These results will be compared with other basaltic rocks, predominately pillow basalts from different localities (e.g. ODP Leg 200). For this purpose, thin sections of the basaltic rock samples will be used for a comprehensive, multiphase experimental approach. The active endolithic "deep" bioshere will be investigated microscopically using histological staining prodedures, fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), and further culture independent molecular biological methods (e.g. DGGE). Lipid biomarker signatures and macromolecular investigations will provide further knowledge on the distribution of microorganisms and generally of organic matter. Geochemical and isotope proxies will be used to describe newly formed minerals in the former gas bubbles and fractures of pillow and other ultramafic rock tpyes (e.g. d13C, d18O, d34S, 87/86Sr, major and minor elements, REE). We anticipate, that the analyses will show that the inner pore space of degassed basaltic rocks and fractures is a well developed microbial ecosystem which presumably is found everywhere where oceanic crust forms the seafloor. Therefore, microbial-mediated process mineralisations within pillow basalt pore space may have a significant impact on geochemical element budgets.

拟议项目的主要目标是对大西洋中脊（北纬14°45“至15°15 "之间）玄武岩和其他超镁铁质岩石孔隙内的活的和化石的深层石内生物体、其有机遗骸和矿物沉淀物进行地球生物学描述，这些生物体将在2004年初”流星“号研究船M60/3号巡航考察期间回收。这些结果将与其他玄武岩进行比较，主要是来自不同地点的枕状玄武岩（例如ODP Leg 200）。为此目的，将使用玄武岩样品的薄片进行全面的多相实验。将使用组织学染色程序、荧光原位杂交（FISH）和进一步的非培养物依赖性分子生物学方法（例如DGGE）在显微镜下研究活性内石“深层”生物鞘。脂质生物标志物特征和大分子研究将提供关于微生物和一般有机物分布的进一步知识。用地球化学和同位素代用指标（如d13 C、d18 O、d34 S、87/86 Sr、常量和微量元素、REE）描述枕状岩和其它超镁铁岩类的前气泡和裂隙中新形成的矿物。我们预计，分析将表明，脱气玄武岩和裂缝的内部孔隙空间是一个发育良好的微生物生态系统，据推测在形成海底的洋壳的任何地方都可以找到。因此，微生物介导的过程矿化枕状玄武岩孔隙空间可能有显着的地球化学元素收支的影响。