The nature of self-recognition: novel approaches to vexing questions

自我认知的本质：解决棘手问题的新方法

• 批准号: DP0208300
• 负责人: Prof Thomas Suddendorf
• 金额: $ 11.49万
• 依托单位: The University of Queensland
• 依托单位国家: 澳大利亚
• 项目类别: Discovery Projects
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 澳大利亚
• 起止时间: 2002-01-01 至 2005-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://dataportal.arc.gov.au/RGS/Web/Grants/DP0208300
• 关键词: nature; self; recognition; novel; approaches

Mirror self-recognition has often been interpreted as evidence for the presence of some form of self-concept/awareness. Children from age 2 onwards investigate their own bodies after seeing a novel mark on their heads in the mirror (surreptitiously placed in their hair by the experimenter). Younger children and most animals do not respond to their images in such a way (instead, for example, treating it as another individual). The present experiments probe the nature of self-recognition using novel digital video technology rather than mirrors. This technology allows us to manipulate the contingency and appearance of the image. Five studies investigate the performance of 2 to 4-year-old children, autistic children, chimpanzees and dolphins to determine whether they recognize themselves and what underwrites their performance on the tasks. The innovative use of modern technology is expected to answer some of the most persistent questions in psychology.

镜像自我认知通常被解释为某种形式的自我概念/意识存在的证据。2岁以上的孩子在镜子中看到自己头上的一个新标记（实验者偷偷地放在他们的头发上）后，会研究自己的身体。年龄较小的儿童和大多数动物不会以这种方式对他们的图像做出反应（相反，例如，将其视为另一个个体）。本实验使用新型数字视频技术而不是镜子来探索自我识别的本质。这项技术使我们能够操纵图像的偶然性和外观。五项研究调查了2至4岁儿童、自闭症儿童、黑猩猩和海豚的表现，以确定他们是否认识自己，以及是什么影响了他们在任务中的表现。现代技术的创新应用有望回答心理学中一些最持久的问题。