Targeting continuous inflammation in pancreatic cancer microenvironment

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We assessed the effect of forced expression of miR-365, which was highly expressed in invasive pancreatic cancer compared with IPMN. miR-365 increased the cell viability of pancreatic cancer cells after the gemcitabine treatment, suggesting the induction of resistance. A comprehensive analysis of gene expression profiles in miR-365 introduced cells identified up-regulation of several NF kappa B target genes. Activation of NF kappa B pathway was confirmed by the increased expression of phosphorylated NF kappa B. On the other hand, miR-365 directly targeted apoptosis-related molecules such as SHC1 and BAX that led to the gemcitabine resistance.