Vertikal aufgelöste Charakterisierung von Sahara-Staub (mineralischem Aerosol) mit Hilfe von Lidar

撒哈拉尘埃层作为最重要的大气气溶胶层之一，将在与气候有关的光学和物理特性方面以高垂直分辨率进行研究。在尘埃封闭实验的框架内，将在其中一个尘源区域和远程传输区域运行三个激光雷达。将根据两个闭合实验和全面的模拟研究，系统地研究激光雷达获得的光学性质与尘埃的大小/形状/组成性质之间的关系。将进一步开发现有的最先进的激光雷达反演方案，以便能够从光学测量中恢复沙漠尘埃颗粒的物理性质。激光雷达观测将对CALIPSO任务做出重大贡献，在此期间，星载激光雷达将绘制全球气溶胶三维分布图。地面、飞机和卫星激光雷达观测的结合为有质量保证地描述从非洲到北美和南美洲的撒哈拉沙尘输送模式提供了独特的可能性。需要开展这类活动，以大大改进对大气沙尘输送和撒哈拉沙尘对气候的影响的模拟。

The Saharan dust layer as one of the most important atmospheric aerosol layers will be investigated with high vertical resolution in terms of climate-relevant optical and physical properties. Three lidars will be operated in one of the dust source regions and in the long-range-transport region in the framework of dust closure experiments. A systematic investigation of the relationship between the lidar-derived optical properties and the size/shape/composition properties of dust based on two closure experiments and comprehensive modelling studies will be performed. Available state-of-the-art lidar inversion schemes will be further developed to allow the retrieval of physical properties of desert dust particles from the optical measurements. The lidar observations will significantly contribute to the CALIPSO mission during which a spaceborne lidar will map global aerosol distributions in three dimensions. The combination of ground-based, aircraft, and satellite lidar observations offers a unique possibility for a quality-assured description of the Saharan dust transport pattern from Africa to North and South America. Such activities are required to improve significantly modelling of the atmospheric dust transport and the impact of Saharan dust von climate.