労働市場の情報統計力学：実データに基づくシミュレータ構築による構成論的アプローチ

本研究运用统计力学方法，结合经济物理学对劳动力市场进行理论研究。受机器学习环境中的无监督学习或自组织的启发，我们试图为连续求职过程中求职的“非智能”劳动者的集体行为绘制“学习曲线”。我们讨论了误差测量的收敛速度，其中我们考虑了一个场景，在这个场景中，学生在之前的过程中没有使用任何关于求职结果的信息。我们的方法使我们能够检验一个条件的存在，在这个条件下，宏观数量，比如“阶段性失业率”，变得“规模不变”，也就是说，它不依赖于求职阶段。从宏观上看，这个问题可以看作是一个人力资源配置问题。我们提供了一个数学模型来研究学生的人力资源配置问题。波茨自旋玻璃描述了基本模型。在模型中，每个Potts旋转代表一个学生的动作，取一个离散变量，对应于他/她申请的公司。我们构建的能量包括对学生行为的不同影响。通过成对自旋-自旋相互作用，考虑了学生之间的相关性（相邻矩阵）。我们进行了计算机模拟来检验该模型的效率。我们还表明，波茨自旋的一些手性表征使我们能够对劳动力市场进行一些分析。

This study provides theoretical studies on labor markets incorporating econophysics through statistical mechanical approaches.Inspired by the unsupervised learning or self-organization in the machine learning context, we attempt to draw a ‘learning curve’ for the collective behavior of job-seeking ‘non-intelligent’ labors in successive job-hunting processes. We discuss the speed of convergence for the error-measurement, where we consider a scenario in which the students do not use any information about the result of job-hunting in a previous process. Our approach enables us to examine the existence of the condition on which macroscopic quantity, say, ‘stage-wise unemployment rate’ becomes ‘scale-invariant’ in the sense that it does not depend on the job-hunting stage. From the macroscopic view point, the problem could be regarded as a human resource allocation.We provide a mathematical model to investigate the human resource allocation problem for students. The basic model is described by the Potts spin glass. In the model, each Potts spin represents the action of one student, and it takes a discrete variable corresponding to the company he/she applies for. We construct the energy to include the distinct effects on students’ behavior. The correlations (the adjacent matrix) between students are taken into account through the pairwise spin-spin interactions. We carry out computer simulations to examine the efficiency of the model. We also show that some chiral representation of the Potts spin enables us to obtain some analytical insights into our labor markets.