水泳動作中におけるｓｈｏｕｌｄｅｒ　ｉｍｐｉｎｇｅｍｅｎｔの発生メカニズムの解明

在这一年中，测量了4种泳姿的关节三维运动。在不同的泳姿阶段，均可观察到肩关节过度运动，其发生率分别为8.6±7.3%、7.9±10.3%、11.1±7.8%和3.8±4.9%，分别为：爬泳、蝶泳、蛙泳和仰泳。在游泳过程中手臂达到最大仰角的瞬间，经常可以观察到这些过多的关节构型。将正常前爬泳和阻力游泳时的肘肱关节运动与去年开发的方法学进行了比较。结果表明，尽管关节运动峰值在两种状态下有所不同，但两种状态下关节运动的时间序列数据具有相似的模式。RMSE为11°，肩关节抬高为16°，水平外展为11°，内旋为11°。然而，这些运动误差并没有在两种情况下产生差异，这两种情况下发生过多的关节-肩关节的卒中阶段。一篇关于游泳过程中肩关节运动和肩部撞击的研究论文目前已经完成，并将提交给一份国际期刊。在即将到来的国际会议上，一份关于前爬泳过程中肩部复合体运动学的研究报告已经被接受。

In this year, the three-dimensional glenohumeral joint motions in 4 styles of swimming strokes were measured. The excessive glenohumeral joint motion which may develop the impingement (the mechanical stress) on shoulder was observed for various stroke phases with the incidence of 8.6± 7.3%, 7.9±10.3%, 11.1±7.8% and 3.8±4.9% in the front crawl stroke, butterfly stroke, breast stroke and back stroke, respectively. These excessive glenohumeral joint configurations were observed frequently around the instant at which the arm attained to the peak elevation angle during swimming. the glenohumeral joint motion during normal front crawl swimming and resisted-swimming were compared with the methodology developed in last year. The result showed that time-series data of glenohumeral motion was in similar patterns between the two conditions, although the peak values of the joints motions were somewhat different between the two conditions. The RMSE were 11 degree; in glenohumeral elevation, 16 degree; in horizontal abduction and 11 degree; in internal rotation. However, these movement error did not generate difference between the two conditions for the stroke phases of which the excessive glenohumeral joint occurred. A research paper on the glenohumeral joint motion and shoulder impingement during swimming has currently been prepared and will be submitted to an International journal. A proceeding on the kinematics of shoulder complex during front crawl swimming has been accepted for presenting at an upcoming international conference.