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地震波探査によるカービング氷河高速流動メカニズムの解明

利用地震波勘探阐明雕刻冰川的高速流动机制

基本信息

批准号：
15F15901
负责人：
杉山慎
金额：
$ 0.77万
依托单位：
Hokkaido University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Fellows
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2015-04-24 至 2016-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15F15901/
关键词：
glacier earthquake Greenland Bowdoin Glacier calving ocean 国際共同研究

项目摘要

Recent dramatic retreat and mass-loss of glaciers is one of the most evident consequences of the climate change. Among the least understood elements of glacier dynamics, related to mass-loss of fast flowing ocean-terminating glaciers, are difficult-to-access englacial / basal processes, and evolution of ice fractures ultimately leading to major iceberg collapse and thus to further retreat of glaciers. Sound waves produced by some of these processes and propagating through ice/rock and air can be monitored and used to understand otherwise unreachable rapid phenomena. Such in situ records were obtained during a comprehensive international expedition to the Bowdoin Glacier, Greenland in 2015. Analysis revealed the mechanisms of tide-modulated seismicity (as a proxy for ice fracturing temporary patterns) and were recently published [Podolskiy et al., GRL, 2016]. We also note, that in order to accommodate new circumstances of the fellow and a possibility of an early termination of the fellowship for starting a new job as an Assistant Professor in Dec 2015, the geographical location of the initially proposed glacier had to be changed from Patagonia to Greenland. Otherwise it would be impossible to conduct summer field work before the early end of the fellowship (summer campaign in southern hemisphere was supposed to take place in Jan-Feb 2016; while for Greenland it was possible to held in Jul-Aug 2015). Despite this change, objectives of the study remained principally intact and were focused on seismic observations for understanding glacier dynamics, as initially proposed.

最近冰川的急剧退缩和大量损失是气候变化最明显的后果之一。冰川动力学中最不为人所知的因素，与快速流动的海洋终止冰川的质量损失有关，是难以进入的冰内/基底过程，以及冰破裂的演变最终导致主要的冰山崩溃，从而进一步退缩冰川。由这些过程中的一些过程产生并通过冰/岩石和空气传播的声波可以被监测并用于理解否则无法实现的快速现象。这些原位记录是在2015年对格陵兰鲍登冰川进行的一次综合性国际考察中获得的。分析揭示了潮汐调制地震活动的机制（作为冰破裂临时模式的代理），并于最近发表[Podolskiy等人，GRL，2016]。我们还注意到，为了适应研究员的新情况，以及在2015年12月开始担任助理教授的新工作而提前终止研究金的可能性，最初提议的冰川的地理位置不得不从巴塔哥尼亚改为格陵兰岛。否则，在奖学金提前结束之前，将不可能进行夏季实地考察（南半球的夏季活动预计在2016年1月至2月进行;而格陵兰的夏季活动可能在2015年7月至8月进行）。尽管有这一变化，研究的目标基本上保持不变，重点是地震观测，以了解冰川动力学，如最初提出的。