Veterinary medicinal effects on the prokaryotic structural diversity in soil microcopartments - VMMic

土壤抗生素对土壤微生物生物量、活性、结构和功能多样性以及抗性水平有不利影响。我们发现，在第一阶段的FOR，抗生素的效果受到强烈影响的粪肥作为营养源和微生物接种物。单次施用抗生素对土壤微生物结构多样性产生中期影响。然而，与抗生素和一般外源性物质的影响相关的田间情况的主要方面，迄今为止还没有研究，即结构化土壤异质性与微区室的影响，如根际，天气条件和重复施肥。这些方面将在本项目中进行调查，特别考虑到假设的空间接近性和抗生素和原核生物在土壤微室中的相互作用，产生明显的浓度无关性的抗菌效果。通过对功能冗余古菌的调查，完成了细菌和真菌的结构多样性分析。这将在一个三重的方法完成：（i）分析土壤原核生物结构多样性与PLFA，GDGT，和16 S rDNA分析;（ii）结合土壤微形态，荧光染色和杂交，显微镜，放射自显影的空间分布的测定;（iii）磺胺残留浓度和消散动力学分析。

Soil antibiotics affect adversely soil microbial biomass, activity, structural and functional diversity, and resistance level. We found in the 1st phase of FOR that antibiotic effects are strongly influenced by manure as a nutrient source and microbial inoculum. Single applications of antibiotics yield mid-term effects on the soil microbial structural diversity. However, major aspects of a field situation, relevant for the effects of antibiotics and of xenobiotics in general, have not been researched so far, i.e. influences of structured soil heterogeneity with microcompartments such as the rhizosphere, weather conditions, and repeated manuring. These aspects will be investigated in this project with special regard to a hypothesized spatial proximity and interactions of antibiotics and prokaryotes in soil microcompartments that yield an apparent concentration independency of antimicrobial effects. Structural diversity analysis of bacteria and fungi is completed by investigations on functional redundant archaea. This will be done in a threefold approach: (i) analysis of soil prokaryotic structural diversity with PLFA, GDGT, and 16s rDNA analysis; (ii) determination of spatial distribution by combined soil micromorphology, fluorescence staining and hybridisation, microscopy, and autoradiography; (iii) analysis of sulfonamide residual concentrations and dissipation kinetics.