Veterinary medicinal effects on the prokaryotic structural diversity in soil microcopartments - VMMic

土壤抗生素对土壤微生物生物量、活性、结构和功能多样性以及抗性水平产生不利影响。在FOR的第一阶段，我们发现作为营养源的粪便和微生物接种物对抗生素效果有很大的影响。单一使用抗生素对土壤微生物结构多样性产生中期影响。然而，到目前为止，与抗生素和外源物质的影响有关的田间情况的主要方面迄今尚未得到研究，即具有微隔室的结构性土壤异质性的影响，如根际、天气条件和重复施肥。这些方面将在这个项目中进行研究，特别是关于抗生素和原核生物在土壤微室中产生明显的浓度依赖性的抗菌作用的假设的空间接近和相互作用。通过对功能冗余古菌的调查，完成了细菌和真菌的结构多样性分析。这将通过三种方法完成：(I)用PLFA、GDGT和16S rDNA分析土壤原核生物结构多样性；(Ii)结合土壤微形态、荧光染色和杂交、显微镜和放射自显影来确定空间分布；(Iii)分析磺胺残留浓度和消散动力学。

Soil antibiotics affect adversely soil microbial biomass, activity, structural and functional diversity, and resistance level. We found in the 1st phase of FOR that antibiotic effects are strongly influenced by manure as a nutrient source and microbial inoculum. Single applications of antibiotics yield mid-term effects on the soil microbial structural diversity. However, major aspects of a field situation, relevant for the effects of antibiotics and of xenobiotics in general, have not been researched so far, i.e. influences of structured soil heterogeneity with microcompartments such as the rhizosphere, weather conditions, and repeated manuring. These aspects will be investigated in this project with special regard to a hypothesized spatial proximity and interactions of antibiotics and prokaryotes in soil microcompartments that yield an apparent concentration independency of antimicrobial effects. Structural diversity analysis of bacteria and fungi is completed by investigations on functional redundant archaea. This will be done in a threefold approach: (i) analysis of soil prokaryotic structural diversity with PLFA, GDGT, and 16s rDNA analysis; (ii) determination of spatial distribution by combined soil micromorphology, fluorescence staining and hybridisation, microscopy, and autoradiography; (iii) analysis of sulfonamide residual concentrations and dissipation kinetics.