Controlling tuber yield of white Guinea yam via artificial manipulation of flowering sex

通过人工控制花性控制白几内亚山药的块茎产量

• 批准号: 22K05608
• 负责人: 井関 洸太朗
• 金额: $ 2.75万
• 依托单位: Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2022-04-01 至 2026-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-22K05608/
• 关键词: 花性; 雌雄異株; 収量制御; 塊茎; ホワイトギニアヤム

ヤム花性表現型とイモ収量の関係を明らかにするため、交雑集団２集団および遺伝資源系統群からなる計460系統について過去に取得した評価データの解析を行った。この結果、イモ収量は花表現型と開花日の影響を強く受け、同じ開花日で比較すると開花初期においては雌表現型のイモ収量が雄表現型よりも高いことを明らかにした。しかし、開花日が遅いほどイモ収量は低下し、その低下度合いは雄表現型よりも雌表現型で大きかった。このため、開花日が遅い個体で比較すると、雄表現型と雌表現型の間のイモ収量の違いがなくなることが分かった。この結果より、同じ品種・系統であっても開花の早い雌表現型の個体を栽培に用いることによってイモ収量の改善が見込める可能性を示した。次に、花性表現型と開花日に影響を及ぼす植物側の要因として、種イモの部位に着目した実験を行った。花表現型が雄株、雌株、両性株の３種類に分かれる雌遺伝子型の系統を対象に、イモの頭頂部、中央部、下部からそれぞれに種イモを作成し、各個体における萌芽日、開花日、花性表現型を調査した。その結果、イモ頭頂部および中央部に由来する個体は下部に由来する個体と比較して萌芽や開花が早いうえ、雌表現型になりやすいことが分かった。また、花性表現型に影響を及ぼす環境要因を明らかにするため、上記の交雑集団および遺伝資源集団について圃場栽培を実施した。3集団、各3個体からなる計1,380個体のそれぞれについて、萌芽性、花表現型、フェノロジー（開花日、枯れ上がり、収穫）、収量形質（イモ数、イモサイズ）を評価した。花表現型については、個体ごとに雄、雌、雌雄同株を調査し、雌雄同株個体については同性花の有無も記録した。今後、同様の調査を3年継続し、過去のデータと合わせて気象要因の解析を行う。

In the past few years, the data of the system has been analyzed in the past few years. The results of the experiment, the number of flowers in the flower table, the number of flowers in the blossom table, the number of flowers in the same blossom table, and in the early stage of flowering, the results showed that in the early stage of blossom, there was no difference between male and female in the early stage of flowering, and in the early stage of flowering, there were significant differences between male and female. In the morning and blossom days, the amount of food is low, and it is similar to the male type, the female type, the female type and the female type. Every day, every day and every day. The results showed that the blooming of the same strain of the same system showed that it was possible to improve the possibility of improving the quality of the plant in the culture of the same breed. Secondary, flowering and flowering plants should pay attention to the location of the flowers and flowers. The male, female and sexual plants of the flower surface are divided into male, female and sexual plants, and the system of the male plant, the female plant and the female plant are divided into three types: the elephant, the center, the lower part, the sprouting day, the flowering day, and the flowering day. The results showed that the origin of the lower part of the body was higher than that of the bud, and that of the female was different from that of the female. The climate, floral and environmental conditions should be affected by the cultivation of nursery grounds in the forest nursery. A total of 1380 people in each of the 3 groups were divided into four groups: the number of flowers, the number of buds, the type of flowers, the number of flowers. There is a history of hermaphroditism, hermaphroditism, androgyny, hermaphroditism, androgyny, androgyny, androgyny. In the future, we have been in the same boat for three years, and in the past, it seems that we are going to analyze the situation.