Climatically Relevant Atmospheric Aerosols over Siberia

西伯利亚目前在全球大气观测系统中的代表性很低。缺乏地面观测尤其关系到大气气溶胶粒子的特性和潜在的气候影响。观测的缺乏与西伯利亚陆块作为气溶胶粒子的源和汇的全球相关性及其对全球辐射收支的作用高度矛盾。西伯利亚上空的主要自然气溶胶来源包括森林火灾以及气态前体形成的二次气溶胶。我们寻求财政援助的DFG，以探索大气气溶胶粒子的时空变化，以及它们的基本来源和过程在西伯利亚。该项目的实验基础是连续两年对气溶胶颗粒的大小分布进行物理表征及其化学分析，特别侧重于无机离子、元素和有机碳以及有机示踪物。样本将从一个300米高的气象塔中采集，该塔于2006年在俄罗斯佐蒂诺附近建立，位于西伯利亚生态系统的中心。在这个观测点，人为影响是次要的，所以采样的气溶胶是一个非常大的空间区域的代表。计划在50米和300米进行测量，以比较这些高度的气溶胶浓度，并得出近地表源过程活动的结论。将使用物理和化学气溶胶参数，特别是一套有机示踪物，将生物量燃烧（森林火灾）和二次有机气溶胶形成的影响与生物和人为前体分开。气象模式计算将用于分配测量的气溶胶特性和生产率的气候相关的空气质量，以及在欧亚大陆的不同来源地区。根据测量数据的总和，并通过一个一维辐射传输模式的直接辐射气溶胶强迫现场和区域（无云的后向轨迹）将被估计。

Siberia is currently poorly represented in the system of global atmospheric observations. The lack of surface-based observations concerns especially the properties and potential climate effects of atmospheric aerosol particles. The lack of observations is highly contradictory to the global relevance of the Siberian land mass as a source and sink for aerosol particles, and their role for the global radiation budget. The major natural aerosol sources over Siberia include forest fires, as well as secondary aerosol formation from gaseous precursors. We seek financial assistance from the DFG in order to explore the spatiotemporal variation of atmospheric aerosol particles as well as their fundamental sources and processes over Siberia. The experimental basis for the project is designed to be the continuous biennial physical characterization of the size distribution of aerosol particles, as well as their chemical analysis, notably focusing on inorganic ions, elemental and organic carbon and organic tracer species. Samples are to be taken from a 300 m tall meteorological tower, which was erected 2006 near Zotino, Russia, in the heart of the Siberian ecosystem. At this observation site, anthropogenic influences are of minor importance, so that the aerosols sampled are representative for a very large spatial area. Measurements at 50 and 300 m are planned to compare aerosol concentrations at these levels and conclude on the activity of near-surface source processes. Physical and chemical aerosol parameters, notably a suite of organic tracer species are to be used to separate the influence of biomass burning (forest fires) and secondary organic aerosol formation, both from biogenic as well as anthropogenic precursors. Meteorological model calculations are to be used to allocate the measured the aerosol properties and production rates to climatologically relevant air masses as well as distinct source regions in Eurasia. Based on the sum of measured data and by means of a one-dimensional radiative transfer model the direct radiative aerosol forcing over the site and regionally (with cloud-free back trajectories) will be estimated.