FOR 1061: Dynamic Storage Functions of Plant Vacuoles During Cold and Osmotic Stress

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The vacuole represents the largest plant cell organell with several storage functions. In general, plants cannot escape from their location and, therefore, have to adapt to permanently changing environmental conditions. During the onset of cold or osmotic stress, many solutes like, e.g., sugars, sugar alcohols, organic acids, amino acids, potassium and other ions accumulate in the vacuole. This process contributes to the development of cellular stress tolerance. Especially the cell-internal compartimentation of individual molecules is changed and the rate of biosyntheses of suitable solutes must be rapidly adapted. The underlying transport processes and the biosynthesis, respectively degradation pathways will be in detail analysed. In mutant plants lacking one or several proteins, or in which the activity of one or several proteins are overexpressed, changes in the stress tolerance will be tested. In the special focus are vacuolar sugar- and sugar-alcohol transporter, malate carrier as well as channel proteins. In addition, stress induced changes of the vacuolar energisation by the tonoplast V-ATPase or V-pyrophosphatase will be enlightened. The methods used enclose molecular techniques as well as biochemical and biophysical technologies, recombinant proteins, mass-spectrometric proteome analysis and microscopic techniques. We expect the outcome of our research contributes to the understanding of molecular stress physiology.