SPP 1420: Biomimetic Materials Research: Functionality by Hierarchical Structuring of Materials

SPP 1420：仿生材料研究：材料分层结构的功能

• 批准号: 73847914
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Abteilung Biomaterialien
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2008-12-31 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/73847914?language=en
• 关键词: SPP; 1420; Biomimetic; Materials; Research

The aim of the Priority Programme is to explore the possibility of generating new material classes of great potential by combining the degrees of freedom of hierarchical structuring inspired by nature with the variety of materials offered by engineering. The goal of this biomimetic approach is to obtain new or unusual combinations of material functions and properties. This shall be achieved by structuring a given material, rather than by changing its chemical composition (function by structure). The long-term vision of the Priority Programme is to fill white spots in material property charts by hierarchically structured materials, and to obtain the function-form-relationship in organs or plant bodies with predominantly mechanical function to improve the understanding of living systems. There is no restriction on the choice of constituent materials, as long as the principle of hierarchical structuring over at least two levels is followed. Typically, (at least) one of the material properties is mechanical; the other one may be also mechanical or acoustical, electrical, optical or thermal, to name but a few options, and the hierarchical structure is crucial in obtaining this property combination. Passive mechanical properties (such as stiffness, strength, toughness etc.) are considered as well as active properties connected to actuation or motility. A variety of challenges are being addressed. First, it is necessary to study some natural materials as examples on how hierarchical structuring is used by nature to achieve unusual property combinations. Furthermore, theoretical and experimental tools of materials science need to be developed to address the issue of hierarchy. New approaches for synthesis of hierarchical materials and demonstrators have to be developed. The scope of the Priority Programme is thus divided into three focus areas: (1) characterisation of natural hierarchical materials as a kind of idea park, (2) development of principles to design, simulate and manufacture hierarchical materials with property-relevant structural features, (3) development of manufacturing technologies for materials solutions based on hierarchical structures.

优先计划的目的是探索通过将自然启发的层次结构的自由度与工程提供的各种材料相结合，产生具有巨大潜力的新材料类别的可能性。这种仿生方法的目标是获得新的或不寻常的材料功能和特性的组合。这应通过构造给定材料来实现，而不是通过改变其化学成分（结构的功能）。优先方案的长期目标是用具有层次结构的材料填补材料特性图中的白色斑点，并获得主要具有机械功能的器官或植物体的功能-形式-关系，以增进对生命系统的了解。对组成材料的选择没有限制，只要遵循至少两个层次的分层结构原则。通常，材料特性中的（至少）一个是机械的;另一个也可以是机械的或声学的、电学的、光学的或热学的，仅举几个选项，并且分级结构在获得这种特性组合中是至关重要的。被动力学性能（如刚度、强度、韧性等）以及与驱动或运动性相关的活性特性。正在应对各种挑战。首先，有必要研究一些自然材料，作为自然界如何使用层次结构来实现不寻常的属性组合的例子。此外，需要开发材料科学的理论和实验工具来解决层次问题。新的方法合成的分级材料和示威者必须开发。因此，优先计划的范围分为三个重点领域：（1）作为一种思想公园的自然分层材料的特性，（2）开发设计，模拟和制造具有性能相关结构特征的分层材料的原则，（3）开发基于分层结构的材料解决方案的制造技术。