大正期軍隊の社会的基盤に関する研究

大正时期军事的社会基础研究

• 批准号: 08710220
• 负责人: 郡司 淳
• 金额: $ 0.58万
• 依托单位: University of Tsukuba
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Encouragement of Young Scientists (A)
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1996 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08710220/
• 关键词: 徴兵制; 軍事救護法

本研究では、軍拡によって現役徴集人員が飛躍的増加をみた日露戦後から兵役法が成立する1920年代後半までを主たる分析対象として設定し、軍と社会の関係を中心に据え、総力戦体制創出の前提となる軍事的社会基盤の存在形態を解明することをめざしたものである。具体的な作業としては、当該期における軍事援護に注目し、1917年に制定された軍事救護法の受容をめぐる軍と兵士の対応のありかたを検討した。内務省は、救護の手続き・執行機関について各々「出願主義」「住所地地方長官主義」を採用し、「濫救」防止の最優先に掲げて救護にのぞんだ。これに対し軍は、憲兵隊や隊付将校が事実上「救護委員」の役割を果たすことで、内務省の統制の下で一元化された救護のプロセスに介入しようとした。その理由としては、現役兵の確保という純軍事的要請のならず、シベリア戦争によって国民的基盤を喪失した軍の現状に対する危機感があげられる。しかし救護は、他者の救済を恥とする社会風潮の下におかれた兵士と留守家族にとり、これを受け入れることがムラ社会における村民としての場の喪失を意味しただけに忌避されねばならなかった。かつ軍事救護法は、「兵役義務ノ拡張」という本質的一面を有するが故に、民衆の抵抗にも遭遇することとなった。そのさい「出願主義」は、救護を本人の自由意思に任すものだけに、民衆に抵抗の論理的根拠を与えることともなったのである。本研究では、こうした救護の史的構造をあとづける作業をとおし、当該期における軍事的社会基盤の存在形態の一端をあきらかにした。

In this study, after the military service law was established in the second half of the 1920s, the military service law was established in the second half of the 1920s. In the second half of the 1920s, in the second half of the 1920s. In 1917, the Law on military Rescue was enacted in 1917, and military soldiers and soldiers were allowed to pay special attention to military aid and military assistance. The Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the protection and protection of the police and the administrative staff of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the administrative staff of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the administrative staff of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Ministry of Internal Affairs. Military personnel and military personnel are required to pay the "rescue commissars" in the military and military academies to participate in the operation of the "rescue committee". Under the unified policy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, under the system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, troops and soldiers are involved in the operation of the "rescue committee". The reason for the loss of military personnel, the sense of danger and the sense of danger is that those who are engaged in military service should be invited to participate in military operations, and to fight for the loss of the basic units of their nationals. In the wake of the social tide, the soldiers stayed behind in the social tide, the soldiers stayed behind, the family stayed behind, the family stayed behind, the soldiers stayed behind, the family stayed behind, the soldiers stayed in the family, and the soldiers were left behind. Both the military Rescue Act and the "military Service compensation Act" have the following aspects: the military salvage law and the civil war resistance law, and the people's resistance war encounters a war of war. In order to protect and protect the freedom of the people, it is necessary for the people to resist the root cause of the cause, and to protect the freedom of the people. In this study, there are some problems at one end of the history of military protection, such as the establishment of the history of military protection, the establishment of military operations, and the social foundation of military participation.