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The Behavior and Reactivity of Reactive Species in the Atmosphere

大气中活性物质的行为和反应性

基本信息

批准号：
08680452
负责人：
AKUTSU Yoshiaki
金额：
$ 1.73万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08680452/
关键词：
Nitrogen oxides Combustion exhaust NO to NO_2 conversion Gas-phase smoke radical ESR spin-trapping technique Radical precursor Cysteamine Ascorbic acid 芳香族ニトロ化反応

项目摘要

(1) In order to coarify oxidation behavior of NO to NO_2 immediately after emission into the atmosphere, a chemical reaction model involving oxidation of NO_x and methane has been developed. Within the temperature rage of 500 to 700ﾟC,presence of CH_4 in exhaust gases causes promption of NO oxidation, which is affectd by CH_4, O_2 H_2O and CO concentrations and light intensity, and the conversion behavior of NO to no_2 in the vicinity of the emission duct cannot be ignored.(2) In order to clarify the formation mechanism for gas-phase smoke radicals from the combustion of polymers, the influence of combustion conditions on the products from the combustion of polypropylene and poly (methyl methacrylate) has been studied using gas chromatography. A correlation between oxygen-containing products, such as an acetone, and gas-phase smoke radicals was shown. Gas-phase smoke radicals were detected from the combustion of acetone. This suggests that the meta-stable compounds such as a trioxide, that could decompose to form radicals might be produced from the combustion of oxygen-containing compounds.(3) In order to clarify the decrease of cysteamine caused by gas-phase smoke from combustion of polymers, the effect of inhibitors was investigated. Ascorbic acid showed inhibitory effect for the oxidation of cysteamine and ascorbic radical was detected. This implied the inclusion of gas-phase smoke radicals for the cysteamine oxidation.

(1)为了更好地模拟NO在排放到大气中后立即氧化为NO_2的过程，建立了一个包括NO_x和甲烷氧化的化学反应模型。在500 ~ 700 ℃温度范围内，排气中CH_4的存在促进了NO的氧化，其氧化受CH_4、O_2、H_2O和CO浓度及光强的影响，且排气道附近NO向no_2的转化行为不可忽略。(2)为了阐明聚合物燃烧气相烟自由基的形成机理，采用气相色谱法研究了燃烧条件对聚丙烯和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯燃烧产物的影响。含氧产品，如丙酮，和气相烟雾自由基之间的相关性。气相烟雾自由基检测丙酮的燃烧。这表明可以分解形成自由基的亚稳态化合物，如三氧化物，可能是由含氧化合物的燃烧产生的。(3)为了阐明聚合物燃烧产生的气相烟雾引起的半胱胺的减少，研究了抑制剂的作用。抗坏血酸对半胱胺的氧化有抑制作用，并检测到抗坏血酸自由基。这意味着包括气相烟雾自由基的半胱胺氧化。