A STUDY ON THE EARTHQUAKEPROOF CONSTRUCTION AND ITS DESIGN OF BRICK BUILDING IN THE MEIJI ERA

本文研究的是由德国建筑师恩德和博克曼设计的旧司法部大楼。1888年开始建设，1895年完工。该建筑是最早的用于防震的铁箍结构和用于防火的砖拱顶结构之一，这些建筑是在1891年大比地震后开发的。在建筑中使用了钢筋工程，如覆盖砖和钢筋混凝土的铁梁。这可能是因为在施工过程中发生了野比地震。这座老建筑的地板框架在当时被称为“德国建筑”。单层地板的横梁长约7米，每隔约90厘米。它们用桁架间的支撑加固，并用煤渣填充以隔音。在德国，地板框架采用由横梁组成的单一地板。由于地板的横梁长度超过6米，并且在德国每隔90厘米放置一次，因此它们被桁架间支撑加固，就像柏林经常做的那样。因此，老建筑的地板框架可以被命名为“德国建筑”。老建筑有一个屋顶框架，这与德国的屋顶框架相似，但在德国，没有任何例子表明，屋顶的柱子是用许多对角线的柱子在两侧的支撑来加固的。原因可能是在日本，阁楼空间是不必要的，屋顶框架是在1891年大比地震后设计的，以加强框架。

This paper deals with the old Ministry of Justice building designed by German architects Ende & Bockmann. The construction began in 1888 and was completed in 1895. The building was one of the earliest examples of a hoop-iron construction for earthquake protection and with vaults of bricks for fire protection, which were developed after the Nobi Earthquake in 1891. Reinforcement works such as iron beams covered with bricks and reinforced concrete were used in the building. This seems to be because the Nobi Earthquake occurred during the course of construction.The old building had a floor frame in a style known at that time as 'German construction'. The beams of the single flooring were ca. 7 meters in length and were placed every ca.90 centimeters. They were reinforced by intertruss bracings and filled with cinder for soundproofing. In Germany the floor framing was used in a single flooring consisting of beams. As beams of the floor were over 6 meters in length and were placed every 90 centimeters in Germany, they were reinforced by intertruss bracing, as was often done in Berlin. Therefore the floor framing of the old building can be named 'German construction'.The old building had a roof frame, which was similar to roof frames in Germany, but in Germany there were no examples where posts of the roof were reinforced by braces on either side using many diagonal posts. The reason may be because attic space was unnecessary in Japan and the roof frame was designed to strengthen the frame after the Nobi Earthquake of 1891.