A STUDY ON THE EARTHQUAKEPROOF CONSTRUCTION AND ITS DESIGN OF BRICK BUILDING IN THE MEIJI ERA

本文介绍了由德国建筑师Ende&Bockmann设计的司法部老建筑。这项工程于1888年开始，1895年完工。这座建筑是最早的用于抗震的箍铁结构和用于防火的砖拱顶的例子之一，这是在1891年诺比地震后开发的。建筑物采用了用砖块和钢筋混凝土覆盖的铁梁等加固工程。这似乎是因为Nobi地震发生在建筑过程中。旧建筑的楼层框架在当时被称为“德国建筑”。单层地板的横梁长约7米，每隔约90厘米放置一根。它们用桁架间支撑进行加固，并填充煤渣进行隔音。在德国，地板框架被用在由梁组成的单一地板上。由于地板的横梁长度超过6米，在德国每90厘米放置一次，它们就像在柏林经常做的那样，通过桁架间支撑进行加固。因此，老建筑的楼板框架可以被命名为“德国建筑”。老建筑有一个屋顶框架，类似于德国的屋顶框架，但在德国还没有例子表明，屋顶的支柱是通过两侧的支撑来加固的，使用了许多对角柱。原因可能是因为在日本，阁楼空间是不必要的，而屋顶框架是为了在1891年Nobi地震后加强框架而设计的。

This paper deals with the old Ministry of Justice building designed by German architects Ende & Bockmann. The construction began in 1888 and was completed in 1895. The building was one of the earliest examples of a hoop-iron construction for earthquake protection and with vaults of bricks for fire protection, which were developed after the Nobi Earthquake in 1891. Reinforcement works such as iron beams covered with bricks and reinforced concrete were used in the building. This seems to be because the Nobi Earthquake occurred during the course of construction.The old building had a floor frame in a style known at that time as 'German construction'. The beams of the single flooring were ca. 7 meters in length and were placed every ca.90 centimeters. They were reinforced by intertruss bracings and filled with cinder for soundproofing. In Germany the floor framing was used in a single flooring consisting of beams. As beams of the floor were over 6 meters in length and were placed every 90 centimeters in Germany, they were reinforced by intertruss bracing, as was often done in Berlin. Therefore the floor framing of the old building can be named 'German construction'.The old building had a roof frame, which was similar to roof frames in Germany, but in Germany there were no examples where posts of the roof were reinforced by braces on either side using many diagonal posts. The reason may be because attic space was unnecessary in Japan and the roof frame was designed to strengthen the frame after the Nobi Earthquake of 1891.